Quick-acting steam-generator.



W. SCHMIDT.

QUIGK ACTING STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION mum mm 29, 1913.

1,068,368, Patented July 22, 1913.

WITN888 INVENTOR II'V/LHELM 50/144107 p n m;

- hiihe, Germany.

and useful Improvement-s 1n Quick-Acting 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM SCHMIDT, 0F CASSEL-WILHELMSHGHE. GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 SCHMIDT-SGHE HEISSDAMPF-GESELLSCHAI T M. B. 1-1.. OF CASSEL, GiERMANY, ACORPORA- TIGN OF GERMANY.

QUIGK AGTING STEAM-GENERATOR.

PatcntcdJulyf-ZZ.129121 Application filedliay '29. 1913. Serial No.770.562.

To all whom 1' f may concern:

Be itknown thatv I, Wimisrm Sumnrr, a subject of the King of Prussia.Emperor of Germany. residing at Cassclilliehns have. invented certainnew Steam-Generators, of which the following 15 i a. specification.

My invention rclatcs to a quick acting gcncrator comprising a system ofpipes into one end of which water is fed. while from tho othcr (Htlstrain is lfllifill oft.

Strain gent-rotors of this fi'filltl'al typo arc old and ha \0. as iswcll known. a very small ruhic content. so that in cl'tcct. only so muchwatcr is forced into tho generator in a givcn tinic as is to hoconvcrtcd into strain in the sarn tin'i is: a consequent-c. in{,Il-Iltltlltllr of this known typo. tln-ro is no circulation of thowntcr within lhc pipc H V. itlll whcn tho gcncrator is lirsl. started upor whrn Hitxllll ccascs to be drawn from it. Sonic r all of thcindividual pipcs of tho pipc tcni may thcrctorc. at su h limo. casilvhroome dangerously ovcrhoatm'l.

The object of the invention ln-rcin (lis closod is to eliminate theabove. incntionctl disadvantag'cs by providing a surface condcnsor soronnrctcd to thc. l)0ll(1' proprithat whcn FliPtHH rcascs to ho takcnfrom tho which show. diagrannnaticallv. scvcral rinhodinicnts thcrcot'.l igurc l rcprcscnting a prctrrrcil form of the invention. Fig. asimilar form providcd with a t'cml water hcatcr. Fig. 3 the arrangcnnntof Fig. i with :1 slightly .ditl'crcnt arrangcincnt of controllingvalves. and Fig". 4 an arrangoinont similar to Fig. l but. providing aclosing moans at the inlet of the condenser in stead of a hack prci surcvalve in the outlet of said condenser.

in the drawings the stcam boiler propcr comprics a coiled pipc'a. thewatcr hcin forced into same by suitahlo pumping moans (not shown) at, I)and taken of? at c. 'lhc surface condenser (I also compriscs a coilcdpipo arranged in a vessel which is :nlaptcd to he supplied with cooling\vatcr. The upper will said condenser is joined by a i l l l I l l pipe,7 to the outlet 0 while tho lower end of the. coinlcnscr similarlyjoinod ll) a pipe. h to the inlct 15.33 tccd valvc f. is lo cated in theinlci pipc on tho ou'tcr sitlc of pipe h and the pipo it is itselfprovided with a back pressure va ve 1' and a throttle valve In, thelatter bring octwccn the valvc f and the inletpipc. A sat fitv valvc misprovided in the pip l1 ju;-t hclow the con- (lcnscr l.

The operation of urr invention is as follows: When the gcncrator alioutto ho started up, most ot the \vatcr will ht found in tho lowor part oithe lioilcr :1. tho pipcs (I and l: and contlcnscr (Z will lic tilledwith ai A lhc hoilcr is heated. strain will he fornn-d which will riscthrough pipe y will or ruunlonstwl in the condcnsnr (I, and will tallthrong-h tho pipc ,5. the? hack pres snro valvo Z and tho tlirottlc Kinto the inlet pipc ot the. hoilcr. Tho air which coir tainc l in thcgoncrator should. prcfcrahl v -H (li'lYlYl out in thc usual andwoll-known inannrr. it is obvious that during this starting up orprcliminarv limiting thcrc will ho a continuous circulation of thc\vatcr and strain in tho gcncrator. 'llic throttlo valvc Z' should ht?so adjusted during this pcriod that the amount of watcr rapalilc ofpassing thcrcthrough in a given time will he loss than the amount ofwatcr which will lic {oil into thc system wln'n Sltflll'l is l)0in;itllitn oft. hen tho outlet valvc at I: (not shown) is opcncd andSitfln'l is taken oil. the pumping moans which supplies watcr throughfood valvc f should hc arranged to start at tho sanirtime. \s soon astho fced pump starts. the ha k pressure valve 2", which is unloaded uonly very slightly loaded. will closo. sincc the lowcr side of 9 thevalvc is a tl'rctml ov the prcssnre at which the food watcr is torccdinto the generator. while thouppcr side of the valvc .is attcctcd by thomuch smaller pressure due to the pressure at outlet (7 attcr it has beendi- 100 minishcd ii the friction and throttling of the pipcs and of thccondenser. As soon as the flow from outletv is interrupted the pre sureon each side of the valve i is equalized and the valvcv will open sothat the 105 water condensing in d gradually enters through the backpressure valve 11 and the throttle valve k into the lower part of theboiler. In this Way the pipes a of the boiler are kept constantly incontact with water 110 whether the same is flowing or shut off so thatthere is no danger of said pipes becoming dangerously overheated. Theadjustment of the throttle valve k 15 of particular importance if thegenerated steam is to he superheated before being used. since, if thereis no throttling at all, or in sufficient throttling, more water willcirculate through the generator in a given time when the boiler isstarted up than can be evaporated, so that no substantial superheatingand some times not even a drying of the steam can be obtained. Such anarrangement would obviously be very inefficient as a means of obtainingsteam quickly. Similarly, when the steam outflow is cut oil, thethrottling is of importance, since in such case, if the condenser isemptied too suddenly. water may easily come in contact with the hotwalls of the superheater pipes so that there will be an excessivegeneration of steam and an undesirable high pressure. Ordinarily, thecondenser, when the steam outflow is cut oil, is completely filled withwater so that the amount of cooling surface which becomes availablethrough the emptying of the :ondenser is insufficient to condense allthe steam which will then be generated, the amount of which steam willeven be increased by reason of the larger amountof water which passesfrom the condenser into the steam generator and is there evaporated. Insuch cases the-pressure of the steam will rise and automatically openthe safety valve mand a suitable amount of the condensed water will beforced out until equilibrium obtains. When steam is again taken off, thecycle will repeat itself. The

safety valve m will also operate while steam is being taken from thesystem, and if the steam pressure becomes too great, as for example, byany sudden decrease of the steam-outflow, the condensed water will beblown oflf through the safety valve until the pressure sinksto thedesired value.

The throttle valve In need not be located immediately below the backpressure valve 71, but may e placed above this valve, or in the inletpipe of the generator on the inside of pipe h. The throttle valve in mayunder some circumstances be entirely dispensed with. In such cases the oening of valve must have a suitable small diameter so as to itself actas a throttle valve. Or, if desired. the valve 1 maybe dispensed withinstead of the throttle valve, which latter valve must in such case beadjusted-so as to completely shut oil the pipe h. In such case thethrottle valve and the steam outlet valve should be so connected withone another that one will be closed when the other is open and vice,versa, The safety valve also need not necessarily be located below thecondenser as shown in the drawing, but may be placed at any desiredpoint in the condenser coil. With this last arrangement it would beimpossible ever to blow out all the water in the condenser.

The modification shown in Fig. 2 is identical with that shown in Fig. 1except that a feed water heater n is inserted between the inlet b andthe generator a. The mode of operation is similar to that described forthe arrangement of Fig. 1.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 is substantially the same as shown inFig. 2 except that the throttle valve is is placed in the pipe 71connectingthe feed water heater and the generator instead of in the pipe7:. Instead of using an ordinary throttle valve is in this embodiment, aspecial valve ar ranged to open toward the steam generator a andprovided with a small permanent bypass may be used. The valve may beordi narily kept closed by means of a spring which is so adjusted thatit will yield to the pressure of the feed pump, but not to the pressureof the overlying water column including the feed water heater. The modeof operation of this modification is similar to that set forth intheformshown in Fig. 1. In the modification shown in Fig. 4 a shut-offvalve q is located above the corn denser, and in'the pipe h is the usualthrottle valve 70. Said shut-off valve is preferably connected with thesteam outlet valve so that when one is closed the other is open and viceversa. In some cases I find it suilicient to provide, instead of saidclosing means 9', a simple back pressure valve adapted to be closedthrough the pressure of the rising feed water. When a shutoff valve isprovided above the condenser, as

in this case, itis obvious that the safety valve m is non-operative whensteam is be-' ing taken off. Aside from this the mode of operation 0thismodification is identical with that set orth in the previousarrangements described. f

The vessel 6 which contains the cooling water may be provided with anautomatic arrangement, as for example,- a float, for regulating thesupply of said cooling water so as to maintain a suitable level in thevessel irrespective of the amount of water evaporated therefrom.

The several arrangements described may be used as superheaters insteadof as steam generators without any change of structure. In such cases,wet steam instead of water is introduced into the pipe system.Superhea'ted steam may be drawn oil when the outlet valve is open, andwhen the steam outflow is interruptedthe arrangement will work as aclosed circuit steam generator.

Where in the claims I refer to the surface condenser as being locatedabove the boiler, I mean located at a higher level than the boiler, butnot necessarily hysically and literally directly above said oiler.

Where in the specification and claims, l 1 refer to the boiler and tothe surface condenser as comprising a coiled pipe," I d u not, mean tolimit these elements to pipes rolled in the manner shown by thelllllstifl" tions. W'hat I mean by the expression i coiled pipe is anycontinuous length of pipe either coiled screw-like as in the drawings,0' arranged in a flat coil or arranged with lengths laid side by sidesometimes spoken of as a serpentine arrangement: other equivalentarrangements will readily suggest themselves, are known in the art andare claimed by me as within the scope of the words just referred to.

Other changes may be made Within the spirit of my invention which isdefined by the folllowing claims:

I claim:

1. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a oiledpipe having an inlet for water and an utlet for steam. and a surfacecondenser abovesziid boiler and directly connected thereto so hat steamflows to said condenser and thence returns as water to the boiler.

2. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiledpi )e having an inlet for water and an outlet or steam. and a surfacecondenser also comprising a coiled pipe one end of said condenser pipebeing connected near said outlet and the other end being arranged todischarge into the boiler nearer its inlet end.

3. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiledpi e having an inlet for water and an outlet or steam, and a surfacecondenser also comprising a coiled pipe located above said boiler the.upper end of said pipe bein joined near said outlet and the lower endicing arranged to discharge into the boiler nearer its inlet end.

4. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiledpi e having an inlet for water and an outlet For steam. a surfacecondenser also comprising a. coiled pipe located above said boiler the nor end of said pipe bein 'oined near said outlet and the lower en eingarranged to discharge into the boiler nearer its inlet end, and meansfor preventing the flow of feed water through t e condenser into theboiler.

5. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler comprising a coiledpipe having an inlet for water and an outlet for steam. a surfacecondenser also comprising a coiled pipe locxted above said boiler theupper end of said pipe being joined near said outlet and the lower endbeing arranged to dis charge into the boiler nearer it inlet end, andclosing means in the pipe between thc condenser and said lower end 1,lllti feed l Water may not pass tllll lt gll he wuuleiiwr into theboiler.

6. In a steam generator. the *omhination of n boiler minprising :i iledg-ipe having an inlet for water and an u let f steam. a surfacecondrn'wu' also rumpus- :1 olled pipe located above said i: 2hr mnp crend of said pipe being joined it; ltlll miint min the lower end beingarranged to lllliil yr: intotlielmilcrnearer its in et emi imitlm i rpreventing the thin of i itil war-or through the conilcnser into theboiler. and u throttlevziiie for causing the wrndcnsed water to ionslowly back to the boilrr.

7. ln a steam generator. the couibimition. of n boiler con'ipris ng uroiled pipe inning an inlet for outer and an i'nitlct for steam. 2i.surface condenser also comprising a coiled pipe located above saidboiler the upper end of sa d pipe being joined to said outlet and thelower end being arranged to discharge intothc boiler nearer its inletend. means for preventing the flow of feed vsutcr through the wrdenserinto the boiler. a throttle \alve for czmsingz? the condensed water toflow slowly been to the boiler. and a. safety valve between the upperend of the condcnscr and the nlet.

8. In a st am generator. the fimil ititliifill of a boiler comprising a('nllefii nip-1 having: an outlet end for down. :i fewl waiterlliillt'l' at the other end of mi pip n i "More condenser alsoeoanpri...ng u i' ilitl 5. luirl-tl above said boiler the uppu ttli. u?said con denser being joined t will outlet itlitl the lower end to theinlet side nitlie feed water heater. and means below-n the uppe! end ofsaid condenser and the teed water heat r for preventing water fromIft1--ifijj through the condenser to tho boiler.

9. lo a steam generator. the coinlmnitiou of a boiler comprising amile-l pipe provided with an inlet for water and on outlet. for steamand a surface condenser directly con nected to said boiler bet W eninlet and outlet. so that Ste: n flows to 5.4 minimise! und returns astcr to th lion-1r.

it). in u tenin generator. the cui'nbnation f a boiler c in ari ng a.coiled pipe: provided with an iuet for water and an omiet for steam anda ove coutleiis i' having scpara tr pipe con: i'ili l'lz-i for utensil2nd water the steam in t-non opening: from the boiler between its inletand ut et in testimony whereof. I have i in hand in the presence of to"witnesses.

VVILHELM SC-llllllll'l' Witnesses Arr-oar K001 (ARE MoLL.

